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{section},{sectionelse}
A {section}
is for looping over arrays of data,
unlike {foreach}
which is used to loop over a
single associative array.
Every {section} tag must be paired with
a closing {/section} tag.
Required attributes are name and loop.
The name of the {section} can be
anything you like, made up of letters, numbers and underscores, like
PHP variables.
{section}'s can be nested, and the nested
{section} names must be unique from each other.
The loop attribute,
usually an array of values, determines the number of times the
{section} will loop. You can also pass an integer
as the loop value.
When printing a variable within a {section}, the
{section} name must be given next
to variable name within [brackets].
{sectionelse} is
executed when there are no values in the loop variable.
A {section} also has its own variables that handle
{section} properties.
These properties are accessible as:
{$smarty.section.name.property}
where "name" is the attribute name.
{section} properties are
index,
index_prev,
index_next,
iteration,
first,
last,
rownum,
loop,
show,
total.
Example 7-30. Looping a simple array with {section}
assign() an array to Smarty
<?php
$data = array(1000,1001,1002);
$smarty->assign('custid',$data);
?>
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The template that outputs the array {* this example will print out all the values of the $custid array *}
{section name=customer loop=$custid}
id: {$custid[customer]}<br />
{/section}
<hr />
{* print out all the values of the $custid array reversed *}
{section name=foo loop=$custid step=-1}
{$custid[foo]}<br />
{/section} |
The above example will output:
id: 1000<br />
id: 1001<br />
id: 1002<br />
<hr />
id: 1002<br />
id: 1001<br />
id: 1000<br /> |
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Example 7-31. {section} without an assigned array {section name=foo start=10 loop=20 step=2}
{$smarty.section.foo.index}
{/section}
<hr />
{section name=bar loop=21 max=6 step=-2}
{$smarty.section.bar.index}
{/section} |
The above example will output:
10 12 14 16 18
<hr />
20 18 16 14 12 10 |
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Example 7-32. Naming a {section} The name of the {section} can be anything
you like, see PHP variables.
It is used to reference the data within the {section}. {section name=anything loop=$myArray}
{$myArray[anything].foo}
{$name[anything]}
{$address[anything].bar}
{/section} |
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Example 7-33. Looping an associative array with {section} This is an example of printing an associative array
of data with a {section}. Following is the php script to assign the
$contacts array to Smarty.
<?php
$data = array(
array('name' => 'John Smith', 'home' => '555-555-5555',
'cell' => '666-555-5555', 'email' => 'john@myexample.com'),
array('name' => 'Jack Jones', 'home' => '777-555-5555',
'cell' => '888-555-5555', 'email' => 'jack@myexample.com'),
array('name' => 'Jane Munson', 'home' => '000-555-5555',
'cell' => '123456', 'email' => 'jane@myexample.com')
);
$smarty->assign('contacts',$data);
?>
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The template to output $contacts {section name=customer loop=$contacts}
<p>
name: {$contacts[customer].name}<br />
home: {$contacts[customer].home}<br />
cell: {$contacts[customer].cell}<br />
e-mail: {$contacts[customer].email}
</p>
{/section} |
The above example will output:
<p>
name: John Smith<br />
home: 555-555-5555<br />
cell: 666-555-5555<br />
e-mail: john@myexample.com
</p>
<p>
name: Jack Jones<br />
home phone: 777-555-5555<br />
cell phone: 888-555-5555<br />
e-mail: jack@myexample.com
</p>
<p>
name: Jane Munson<br />
home phone: 000-555-5555<br />
cell phone: 123456<br />
e-mail: jane@myexample.com
</p> |
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Example 7-34. {section} demonstrating the loop variable This example assumes that $custid, $name
and $address are all
arrays containing the same number of values. First the php script that assign's the
arrays to Smarty.
<?php
$id = array(1001,1002,1003);
$smarty->assign('custid',$id);
$fullnames = array('John Smith','Jack Jones','Jane Munson');
$smarty->assign('name',$fullnames);
$addr = array('253 Abbey road', '417 Mulberry ln', '5605 apple st');
$smarty->assign('address',$addr);
?>
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The loop variable only determines the number of times to loop.
You can access ANY variable from the template within the {section} {section name=customer loop=$custid}
<p>
id: {$custid[customer]}<br />
name: {$name[customer]}<br />
address: {$address[customer]}
</p>
{/section} |
The above example will output:
<p>
id: 1000<br />
name: John Smith<br />
address: 253 Abbey road
</p>
<p>
id: 1001<br />
name: Jack Jones<br />
address: 417 Mulberry ln
</p>
<p>
id: 1002<br />
name: Jane Munson<br />
address: 5605 apple st
</p> |
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Example 7-35. Nested {section}'s
{section}'s can be nested as deep as you like. With nested {section}'s,
you can access complex data structures, such as multi-dimensional
arrays. This is an example .php script thats assign's the arrays.
<?php
$id = array(1001,1002,1003);
$smarty->assign('custid',$id);
$fullnames = array('John Smith','Jack Jones','Jane Munson');
$smarty->assign('name',$fullnames);
$addr = array('253 N 45th', '417 Mulberry ln', '5605 apple st');
$smarty->assign('address',$addr);
$types = array(
array( 'home phone', 'cell phone', 'e-mail'),
array( 'home phone', 'web'),
array( 'cell phone')
);
$smarty->assign('contact_type', $types);
$info = array(
array('555-555-5555', '666-555-5555', 'john@myexample.com'),
array( '123-456-4', 'www.example.com'),
array( '0457878')
);
$smarty->assign('contact_info', $info);
?>
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In this template, $contact_type[customer] is an array of
contact types for the current customer. {section name=customer loop=$custid}
<hr>
id: {$custid[customer]}<br />
name: {$name[customer]}<br />
address: {$address[customer]}<br />
{section name=contact loop=$contact_type[customer]}
{$contact_type[customer][contact]}: {$contact_info[customer][contact]}<br />
{/section}
{/section} |
The above example will output:
<hr>
id: 1000<br />
name: John Smith<br />
address: 253 N 45th<br />
home phone: 555-555-5555<br />
cell phone: 666-555-5555<br />
e-mail: john@myexample.com<br />
<hr>
id: 1001<br />
name: Jack Jones<br />
address: 417 Mulberry ln<br />
home phone: 123-456-4<br />
web: www.example.com<br />
<hr>
id: 1002<br />
name: Jane Munson<br />
address: 5605 apple st<br />
cell phone: 0457878<br /> |
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Example 7-36. Database example with a {sectionelse} Results of a database search (eg ADODB or PEAR) are assigned to Smarty
<?php
$sql = 'select id, name, home, cell, email from contacts '
."where name like '$foo%' ";
$smarty->assign('contacts', $db->getAll($sql));
?>
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The template to output the database result in a HTML table <table>
<tr><th> </th><th>Name></th><th>Home</th><th>Cell</th><th>Email</th></tr>
{section name=co loop=$contacts}
<tr>
<td><a href="view.php?id={$contacts[co].id}">view<a></td>
<td>{$contacts[co].name}</td>
<td>{$contacts[co].home}</td>
<td>{$contacts[co].cell}</td>
<td>{$contacts[co].email}</td>
<tr>
{sectionelse}
<tr><td colspan="5">No items found</td></tr>
{/section}
</table> |
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.index
index contains the current array index, starting with zero
or the start attribute if given. It increments by one or by
the step attribute if given.
Technical Note:
If the step and start
properties are not
modified, then this works the same as the iteration
property, except it starts at zero instead of one.
Example 7-37. {section} index property
FYI: $custid[customer.index] and
$custid[customer] are identical.
{section name=customer loop=$custid}
{$smarty.section.customer.index} id: {$custid[customer]}<br />
{/section} |
The above example will output:
0 id: 1000<br />
1 id: 1001<br />
2 id: 1002<br /> |
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.index_prev
index_prev is the previous loop index.
On the first loop, this is set to -1.
.index_next
index_next is the next loop index. On the last
loop, this is still one more than the current index, respecting the
setting of the step attribute, if given.
Example 7-38. index, index_next
and index_prev properties
<?php
$data = array(1001,1002,1003,1004,1005);
$smarty->assign('rows',$data);
?>
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Template to output the above array in a table {* $rows[row.index] and $rows[row] are identical in meaning *}
<table>
<tr>
<th>index</th><th>id</th>
<th>index_prev</th><th>prev_id</th>
<th>index_next</th><th>next_id</th>
</tr>
{section name=row loop=$rows}
<tr>
<td>{$smarty.section.row.index}</td><td>{$rows[row]}</td>
<td>{$smarty.section.row.index_prev}</td><td>{$rows[row.index_prev]}</td>
<td>{$smarty.section.row.index_next}</td><td>{$rows[row.index_next]}</td>
</tr>
{/section}
</table> |
The above example will output a table containing the following:
index id index_prev prev_id index_next next_id
0 1001 -1 1 1002
1 1002 0 1001 2 1003
2 1003 1 1002 3 1004
3 1004 2 1003 4 1005
4 1005 3 1004 5 |
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.iteration
iteration contains the current loop iteration and starts at one.
Note:
This is not affected by the {section} properties
start, step and max,
unlike the index
property. iteration also starts with one instead of zero
unlike index. rownum is an alias to
iteration, they are identical.
Example 7-39. A section's iteration property
<?php
// array of 3000 to 3015
$id = range(3000,3015);
$smarty->assign('arr',$id);
?>
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Template to output every other element of the $arr
array as step=2 {section name=cu loop=$arr start=5 step=2}
iteration={$smarty.section.cu.iteration}
index={$smarty.section.cu.index}
id={$custid[cu]}<br />
{/section} |
The above example will output:
iteration=1 index=5 id=3005<br />
iteration=2 index=7 id=3007<br />
iteration=3 index=9 id=3009<br />
iteration=4 index=11 id=3011<br />
iteration=5 index=13 id=3013<br />
iteration=6 index=15 id=3015<br /> |
Another example that uses the iteration property to
output a table header block every five rows.
Uses the {if}
function with the mod operator.
<table>
{section name=co loop=$contacts}
{if $smarty.section.co.iteration % 5 == 1}
<tr><th> </th><th>Name></th><th>Home</th><th>Cell</th><th>Email</th></tr>
{/if}
<tr>
<td><a href="view.php?id={$contacts[co].id}">view<a></td>
<td>{$contacts[co].name}</td>
<td>{$contacts[co].home}</td>
<td>{$contacts[co].cell}</td>
<td>{$contacts[co].email}</td>
<tr>
{/section}
</table> |
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.first
first is set to TRUE if the current
{section} iteration is the initial one.
.last
last is set to TRUE
if the current section iteration is the final one.
Example 7-40. {section} property first and last
This example loops the $customers array,
outputs a header block on the first iteration and
on the last outputs the footer block. Also uses the
total property.
{section name=customer loop=$customers}
{if $smarty.section.customer.first}
<table>
<tr><th>id</th><th>customer</th></tr>
{/if}
<tr>
<td>{$customers[customer].id}}</td>
<td>{$customers[customer].name}</td>
</tr>
{if $smarty.section.customer.last}
<tr><td></td><td>{$smarty.section.customer.total} customers</td></tr>
</table>
{/if}
{/section} |
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.rownum
rownum contains the current loop iteration,
starting with one. It is an alias to iteration,
they work identically.
.loop
loop contains the last index number
that this {section}
looped. This can be used inside or after the {section}.
Example 7-41. {section} property loop {section name=customer loop=$custid}
{$smarty.section.customer.index} id: {$custid[customer]}<br />
{/section}
There are {$smarty.section.customer.loop} customers shown above. |
The above example will output:
0 id: 1000<br />
1 id: 1001<br />
2 id: 1002<br />
There are 3 customers shown above. |
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.show
show is used as a parameter to section and is
a boolean value. If
FALSE, the section will not be displayed. If there is a
{sectionelse} present, that will be alternately displayed.
Example 7-42. show property Boolean $show_customer_info has been passed from the PHP
application, to regulate whether or not this section shows. {section name=customer loop=$customers show=$show_customer_info}
{$smarty.section.customer.rownum} id: {$customers[customer]}<br />
{/section}
{if $smarty.section.customer.show}
the section was shown.
{else}
the section was not shown.
{/if} |
The above example will output:
1 id: 1000<br />
2 id: 1001<br />
3 id: 1002<br />
the section was shown. |
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.total
total contains the number of iterations that this
{section} will loop. This can be used inside or after a
{section}.
Example 7-43. total property example {section name=customer loop=$custid step=2}
{$smarty.section.customer.index} id: {$custid[customer]}<br />
{/section}
There are {$smarty.section.customer.total} customers shown above. |
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See also {foreach}
and
$smarty.section.
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